John weeks



Patented Jan. 3, I899.

J. WEEKS.

HYDRAULIC JACK.

(Application filed June 10, 1898.)

(No Model.)

vwemtoz JOHN WEEKS, OF NE? YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO XVILLIAM M. DUDGEON,OF SAME PLACE, EXECUTOR OF RICHARD DUDGEON, DECEASED.

HYDRAULIC JACK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 617,135, dated January3, 1899'.

Application filed June 10, 1898.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOHN \VEEKs, a citizen of the United States, and aresident of New York, borough of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings andState of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inHydraulic Jacks, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in hydraulic jacks of the kind inwhich two pumps are employed of different capacities, so that the ramcan be quickly pumped up against the load, and thereafter, or whendesired for the purpose of exerting greater power, the larger pump willbe thrown out and the smaller one only employed.

The invention more particularly described relates to improvements in themeans whereby the large pump is thrown out and also the lowering of theram effected.

Referring to the drawings hereof, Figure 1 is a vertical sectional Viewof the ram and its interior mechanism. Fig. 2 is a top View of thepump-block. Fig. 3 is a bottom View of the pump-block.

A is the usual casting for the jack. B is the ram-cylinder. C is theram. D is the packing-ring on the ram, and E is the packing. F is thelever-socket; G, the knuckle; H, the knuckle-head. I is the pump-block,which is set in a suitably-shaped recess made in the bottom or underside of the casting A and is held in place by threaded nuts J and K,respectively. L is the plunger for the big pump; M, the plunger for thesmall pump. These pumps are provided, respectively,with the usualstemmed egress-valves N and 0, respectively, each provided withperforated bonnets, springs, dad, and the plungers are provided withsuitable packing. All these parts may be of any usual or preferred formand do not require special description.

P is a circular block threaded at Q to the casting A of the jack, and inthe center of this an opening is made, through which the spindle Rpasses. This spindle is provided with a hand-wheel S on the exterior ofthe jack.

T is a collar on the spindle, which is seated in a suitably-formedrecess in the block I Serial No. 633,05 7. (No model.)

and is confined by a leather washer T and gland T. The washer is used toprevent leakage when the jack is used horizontally. The spindleconsequently has rotary motion, but cannot move longitudinally. Thelower end of the spindle R is threaded into ablock U, so that as thespindle is rotated by the hand-wheel S the threads on the spindle willcause the block U to move vertically up or down, depending upon thedirection in which the spindle is turned, and in order to prevent theblock U from turning a pin V,which is rigidly fastened to the plug\V,(which latter is threaded into a solid part of the pumpblock I,)enters and loosely fits a hole a made in the vertically-moving block U.The hole.

is made longer than the pin, so that the upper end of the pin will notstrike against the up per end of the hole during the movement of theblock.

b is the stem of a valve which is the relief or by-pass valve for thebig pump. It has its seat in the lower end of the screw-plug W, and itsupper end is fastened in the blockU. The valve is shown at c, and belowthe valve the stem proceeds downwardly, as at d. The stems Z) and d aremade three-cornered or flattened in cross-section, so that the liquidmay pass up by their sides, as usual in such construction.

Referring now to the pump-bores and the various water-passages, specialreference being had to Figs. 1 and 2, e is the bore in the pump-blockmade for the larger pump. f is the bore for the smaller pump. g is thebore for the lowering and by=passing mechanism for the large pump, whichhas been already partly described. The spindle b is shown in Fig. 2 asresting in this bore. At the bottom of the big pump a water-passage 7bis made into the boring g, so that the liquid expelled by the bigplungerpasses through this opening into the passage in which thelowering and bypassing devices above referred to are located, thencedownwardly through a stemmed valve 2' into a passage j, and thencethrough a pas sage k, which likewise connects with the bottom of thesmall pump. Through these passages the liquid is conveyed from both ofthe pumps to the chamber beneath the ram.

The construction of the lowering and bypassing devices is such that whenthe reliefvalve 0 is on its seat in the plug W then the lower end of thestem (1 is separated by a space of one-quarter orone-half an inch, moreor less, from the upper end of the stem of the valve 2', so that uponturning the hand-wheel S the block U, carrying the valve 0 and the stem(1 below it, may be depressed so far as to completely open the valve 0without the stem (1 coming in contact with the upper end of the stem ofthe valve 2'; but when desired, the hand-wheel S being further rotated,the threads on the ends of the spindle R will depress the block U so farthat the lower end of the stem d will come in contact with the upper endof the stem of the valve 2', so that this valve may be forced from itsseat.

The operation of the apparatus is as follows: The jack being placedunder its load, in order to pump the ram quickly up to the load, thehand-wheel S is rotated until the valve 0 is fully seated in thescrew-plug W. Thereupon, the pumping-lever being operated as usual, bothof the pumps receivingthe liquid from the reservoir, (which, of course,is the entire unoccupied portion of the jackcasing,) forces it into thechamber beneath the ram. The liquid from the large pump passes throughthe opening h downwardly beside the spindle of the valve 2', forces thatvalve off its seat, thence through the passage j into the passage 70,and from it into the chamber beneath the ram, and the liquid from thesmall pump passes in like manner downward through the egress -valve atits lower end and discharges into the same passage ts. As soon as theram has in this manner been quickly elevated against its load,

when the weight becomes too great for the convenient operation of thecombined pumps, (it is immaterial whether this occurs as soon as the ramhas taken a bearing against the the load or later,) then in order tothrow outthe big pump the hand-wheel S is turned in such manner as todepress the threaded block U. In its descent it carries the reliefvalve0 with it, so that that valve is unseated; but it is not depressed sofar as to unseat the egress-valve 7 of the big pump, merely suffi cientto open the relief-valve o. The pumping operation is now continued, andit will be observed that the small pump only is in operation, becausethe liquid which the big pump manipulates passes through the opening itand thence, since the relief-valve c is now open, it does not press theegress-valve v1 off its seat. On the contrary, the liquid rises by thesides of the stem (1 through the valve 0, thence upwardly through thethreaded plug W by the sides of the spindle Z ,and discharges at theuppersurface of the threaded plug W back again into the reservoir, sothat as the parts are now arranged the big pump does no effective work.It merely churns the liquid back and forth, taking it from the reservoirand discharging it into the reservoir. Meantime, however, the small pumpis doing its regular work, forcing the liquid from the reservoirdownwardly through its egress-valve t" into the passage 7.; and thenceinto the chamber beneath the ram, and the egressvalve 1' of. the bigpump prevents backward flow of the liquid forced into the ram-chamber bythe small pump, because as yet it has not been unseated. As soon as theload has been elevated to the desired height and suitably supported inorder to get the jack out from under it it is necessary, as is wellunderstood, to allow the liquid in the force chamber of the ram toescape therefrom. This is effected by still further turning thehand-wheel S, so that the block U is still further depressed, and thestem dis now brought in contact with the upper end of the stem of theegress-valve 2'. Then, sufficient power being applied to the hand-wheelS, that valve 1' will be forced off its seat, whereupon free returnpassage will be opened from the forcechamber of the ram through thepassage is in the pump-block, through the cross-passagej, upwardlythrough the now opened egressvalve 1', and thence by the side of thestem of that valve and the stem d through the relief-valve c, which islikewise unseated at this time, and still upwardly by the sides of thestem 1), and out at the top of the threaded plug WV into the reservoiragain.

It will be seen that by the peculiar construction and arrangement of thedevices shown the means for throwing the big pump out and for effectingthe lowering of the ram are durable, simple, easily operated, and ofsuch a character as will not get out of order.

I claim I 1. The combination in a hydraulic jack of two pumps, eachprovided with an egressvalve and each connecting with the forcechamberof the ram; a supplemental passage connecting the bore of the large pumpwith the reservoir; a relief-valve in said passage; a threaded stem,actuated from the'exterior of the jack, adapted to unseat the reliefvalve and likewise, when given additional movement, adapted to unseatthe egressvalve of the large pump, for the purposes set forth.

2. The combination in a hydraulic jack of two pumps, each provided withan egressvalve and both connecting with the forcechamber of the ram; apassage connecting the bore of the large pump with the reservoir, andlikewise connecting with the passage from the pumps tothe force-chamberof the ram; a relief-valve in said passage; and a threaded stem,actuated from the exterior of the jack, adapted to unseat therelief-valve and likewise, when given additional movement, to unseat theegress-valve of the large pump; for the purposes set forth.

3. The combination in a hydraulic jack of two pumps, each provided withan egressvalve and both connecting with the force chamber of the ram;asupplemental passage connecting the bore of the large pump with thereservoir, and connecting also'with the passage leading to theforce-chamber of the rain; two valves set in said first-named passage,one of them the relief-valve and the other the egressvalve for the largepump; and means, actuated from the exterior of the ram, adapted tounseat the relief-valve upon a certain degree of movement, and to holdit unseated and to unseat the egress-valve upon additional movement; forthe purposes set forth.

4. The combination in a hydraulic jack of two pumps, one larger than theother; a supplemental passage which forms part of the connection betweenthe larger pump and the force-chamber of the ram; two valves set in saidpassage, one the relief-valve for the large pump and the other itsegress-valve; and means, substantially as described, whereby saidrelief-valve may be first unseated and then the egress-valve unseated;for the purposes set forth.

5. The combination in a hydraulic jack of a pump-block having threeborings, two of them for pumps and one for a combined lowering deviceand means for throwing out one of the pumps; a water-passage connectingone of the pumps with said third boring; two valves set in said thirdboring, one a relief-valve for said pump and the other its egress-valve;and means located in said boring, actuated from the exterior of thejack, whereby the relief-valve maybe first unseated and then, beingadditionally moved, the egress-valve unseated, for the purposes setforth.

' 6. In a hydraulic jack having two pumps,

